1) Base of hexadecimal number system? Answer : 16 2) Universal gate in digital logic? Answer : NAND 3) Memory type that is non-volatile? Answer : ROM 4) Basic building block of digital circuits? Answer : Gate 5) Device used for data storage in sequential circuits? Answer : Flip-flop 6) Architecture with shared memory for instructions and data? Answer : von Neumann 7) The smallest unit of data in computing? Answer : Bit 8) Unit that performs arithmetic operations in a CPU? Answer : ALU 9) Memory faster than main memory but smaller in size? Answer : Cache 10) System cycle that includes fetch, decode, and execute? Answer : Instruction 11) Type of circuit where output depends on present input only? Answer : Combinational 12) The binary equivalent of decimal 10? Answer : 1010 13) Memory used for high-speed temporary storage in a CPU? Answer : Register 14) Method of representing negative numbers in binary? Answer : Two's complement 15) Gate that inverts its input signal? Answer : NOT 16)...
In the vast landscape of technological advancement, few fields have experienced such a rapid evolution as data science. From its humble beginnings rooted in statistics to its current state as a driving force behind artificial intelligence (AI), the journey of data science has been marked by innovation, collaboration, and the relentless pursuit of knowledge. Origins: The Statistical Foundation The roots of data science can be traced back to the early days of statistics. Pioneers like Francis Galton, Ronald Fisher, and Karl Pearson laid the groundwork for understanding data through mathematical principles and probability theory. Their work paved the way for statistical methods that are still fundamental to data analysis today, such as regression analysis, hypothesis testing, and experimental design. During the mid-20th century, advancements in computing technology expanded the possibilities of statistical analysis. The advent of computers enabled researchers to process larger datasets an...