Smart Grids and Energy Storage Systems: Powering the Future of Energy In today’s rapidly evolving energy landscape, the push towards sustainability, efficiency, and reliability is stronger than ever. Traditional power grids, though robust in their time, are no longer sufficient to meet the demands of a modern, digital, and environmentally conscious society. This is where smart grids and energy storage systems (ESS) come into play — revolutionizing how electricity is generated, distributed, and consumed. What is a Smart Grid? A smart grid is an advanced electrical network that uses digital communication, automation, and real-time monitoring to optimize the production, delivery, and consumption of electricity. Unlike conventional grids, which operate in a one-way flow (from generation to end-user), smart grids enable a two-way flow of information and energy. Key Features of Smart Grids: Real-time monitoring of power usage and quality. Automated fault detection and rapid restoration. Int...
Q) What is Inheritance ?
Inheritance is one of the key features of object oriented programming. It is the mechanism in java in which one class inherits the properties (methods and fields) of another class.
The class which inherits the properties of other is known as subclass and the class whose properties are inherited is known as superclass.
extends is the keyword used to inherit the properties of a class. Following is the syntax of extends keyword.
Syntax:
class Super {
..........
..........
}
class Sub extends Super {
..........
..........
}
Q) Can an interface implement or extend another interface ?
Interface can't implement another interface, since interfaces can't have method implementations. An interface can extend another interface.
Q) What is Marker interface ?
A Marker interface is an empty interface without any method but used to force some functionality in implementing classes by java. Some of the well known marker interfaces are Serializable and Cloneable.
Q) What is multiple inheritance? Is it supported by Java?
Multiple inheritance is a feature of object oriented concept, where a class can inherit properties of more than one parent class. The problem occurs when there exist methods with same signature in both the super classes. On calling the method, the compiler cannot determine which class method to be called. Java doesn't allow multiple inheritance to avoid the ambiguity caused by it. One of the example of such problem is the diamond problem that occurs in multiple inheritance.
Consider the below java code. It produce compile time error.
// First Parent class
class Parent1
{
void fun()
{
System.out.println("Parent1");
}
}
// Second Parent class
class Parent2
{
void fun()
{
System.out.println("Parent2");
}
}
// Error : Test is inheriting from multiple class
class Test extends Parent1,Parent2
{
public static void main(String args [])
{
Test t = new Test();
// Calling the method fun() using Test object
t.fun();
}
}