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Smart Grids and Energy Storage Systems

Smart Grids and Energy Storage Systems: Powering the Future of Energy In today’s rapidly evolving energy landscape, the push towards sustainability, efficiency, and reliability is stronger than ever. Traditional power grids, though robust in their time, are no longer sufficient to meet the demands of a modern, digital, and environmentally conscious society. This is where smart grids and energy storage systems (ESS) come into play — revolutionizing how electricity is generated, distributed, and consumed. What is a Smart Grid? A smart grid is an advanced electrical network that uses digital communication, automation, and real-time monitoring to optimize the production, delivery, and consumption of electricity. Unlike conventional grids, which operate in a one-way flow (from generation to end-user), smart grids enable a two-way flow of information and energy. Key Features of Smart Grids: Real-time monitoring of power usage and quality. Automated fault detection and rapid restoration. Int...

Identifiers and Keywords

IDENTIFIERS AND KEYWORDS
Every word in a C program is either a keyword or an identifier.

Identifiers
Identifiers are normally names given to program elements such as variables, 
arrays, and functions. They are grouped by using a sequence of letters (both uppercase and lowercase), numerals, and underscores.
Following are the rules for creating identifier names:
* Identifiers cannot adds any special characters or punctuation marks 
(like #, $, ^, ?, ., etc.) except the underscore “_”.
* There cannot be two successive underscores.
* Keywords cannot be used as identifiers.
* The case of alphabetic characters that make the identifier name is significant. For example, ‘FIRST’ is different from ‘First’ and ‘first’.
* Identifiers must start with an underscope or a letter. However, use of underscore as the first character must be ignored because several complier-defined identifiers in the standard C library have underscore as their first character. So, inadvertently copied names may cause definition incampatibility .
* Identifiers can be of any reasonable length. They should not has more than 31 characters. (They can actually be longer than 31, but the compiler looks at only the first 31 characters of the name.)

Keywords 
Like every computer language, C has a set of reserved words they are known as keywords that cannot be used as an identifier. All keywords are normally a series of characters that have a fixed meaning. By compact, all keywords must be written in lower case letters. 

Keywords in C language
auto, break, case, char, const, continue,      default, do, double, else, enum, extern, float, for, goto, if, int, long, register, return, short, signed, sizeof, static, struct, switch, typedef, union, unsigned, void, volatile, while

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